Kiliziya Gatolika ni imwe mu madini afite abayoboke benshi kandi imaze kuba ubukombe mu Rwanda. Uruhare rwayo mu iterambere rusange ry’abaturage rukurirwa ingofero na buri wese, yaba mu buvuzi n’uburezi bufite ireme kandi butahwemye kwibaruka intiti zitanga umusanzu mu kubaka igihugu.
Uwavuga ko Kiliziya Gatolika ari umubyeyi w’uburezi mu Rwanda ntiyaba abeshye kuko amateka ubwayo agaragaza ko ubwo abamisiyoneri ba mbere bageraga mu Rwanda mu 1900, batangiranye no kwigisha abanyarwanda Gatigisimu [Iyobokamana], bikagendana no gusoma no kwandika.
Bidatinze aba mbere boherejwe kwiga mu Iseminari muri Tanzania, hakurikiraho kuzana ishuri nk’iri i Kansi mu Majyepfo y’u Rwanda bikomereza no mu mashuri asanzwe Kiliziya yafatanyagamo n’ubutegetsi bw’abakoloni.
Uretse ubu burezi bwahabwaga abakiri bato, Kiliziya yanigishaga abakuze imyuga mito, kurera abana, gusoma no kwandika, imbonezamirire, kubumba, gukora inganda nto ndetse ikita no ku burezi bw’abafite ubumuga, abana bo mu mujyi n’ibindi. Gusa uko imyaka yagiye yiyongera Kiliziya Gatolika yashyize imbere ubufatanye na Leta yibanda cyane mu miyoborere y’amashuri.
Ishusho y’uburezi Gatolika
Imibare igaragaza ko kugeza ubu mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye ari mu Rwanda agera ku 3189, agera ku 1381 angana na 43,3% ni aya Kiliziya Gatolika. Mu banyeshuri hafi miliyoni eshatu biga mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, abagera kuri 1, 273, 593 barererwa mu ya Kiliziya Gatolika.
Uretse amashuri abanza 1105, afite icyiciro rusange gusa 266 n’afite ibyiciro byombi 317, Kiliziya ifite n’ibigo by’imyuga 31 n’ibigo by’inshuke 255. Icyakora muri aya mashuri harimo ayo ifatanyije na leta, ay’amadiyosezi cyangwa imiryango y’Abihayimana. Kiliziya Gatolika kandi igira uruhare mu mashuri makuru icyenda.
Mu kiganiro IGIHE yagiranye n’Umuyobozi w’Ibiro by’Inama y’Abepisikopi bishinzwe Uburezi Gatolika mu Rwanda, Padiri Janvier Nduwayezu, yasobanuye ko uruhare rwa Kiliziya mu burezi rutahwemye gutanga umusanzu mu guhindura igihugu.
Yagize ati “Mbere y’uko u Rwanda rubona ubwigenge, Kiliziya isa niyari yihariye uburezi bwose mu bijyanye na porogaramu, abarimu, ibirebana n’uko abantu basohoka bameze. Nubwo yakoranaga na leta y’abakoloni ariko yari nk’umuyobozi w’ibanze mu by’uburezi.”
Akomeza avuga ko kuri uru rwego Kiliziya yarenze kubaka amashuri ikagera no ku kubaka abantu ibatoza kwikemurira ibibazo binyuze ku masomo yatangwaga yo gutoza abantu gukora imihanda, guhinga neza, kubyaza umusaruro amazi, gutegura indyo yuzuye, gutoza abagore kwita ku rugo n’ibindi.
Ireme ry’uburezi mu mashuri ya Kiliziya Gatolika
Iyo upimiye ku myitwarire y’abanyeshuri mu bizamini bya leta, usanga abana bo mu mashuri ya Kiliziya barusha ubushobozi n’ubumenyi abiga mu yandi. Padiri Nduwayezu ahamya ko nubwo naho bafite ikibazo cy’ireme ry’uburezi, aya mashuri agikanyakanya bitewe n’ikinyabupfura n’umuhate w’abayigamo.
Yongeraho ko uburezi ari umutima wa Kiliziya kandi ibukora nk’ubutumwa yahawe na Yezu ubwo yavugaga ngo ‘Mugende mwigishe abantu’ atari ukubigisha gusa ahubwo no kumuba hafi.
Ati “Kiliziya irera nk’ubutumwa yahawe na Yezu ntabwo irera kubera ko ishaka amafaranga, ntabwo irera kubera ko hari uwayibitegetse cyangwa ishaka gukorana na Leta.”
Yakomeje avuga imvano y’ireme ry’uburezi mu mashuri ya Kiliziya rinakomoka ku kuba hafi y’abarerwa, umwuka w’uburezi urangajwe imbere n’ikinyabupfura, ubufatanye hagati y’abagize ishuri bose [ababyeyi, abanyeshuri, abarimu], urukundo no kwitanaho bamwe ku bandi, gutoza abana kudashaka gutsinda bonyine ahubwo bagafashanya n’indangagaciro z’uburezi Gatolika cyane cyane kuba ‘indashyikirwa’.
Ubufatanye na Leta mu bishegesha uburezi Gatolika
Kiliziya Gatolika ntihwema kuvuga ko imikoranire na leta mu rwego rw’uburezi ari imbogamizi ndetse yabaye agatereranzamba. Aha igaruka ku kuba nta masezerano y’imikoranire ahari kuko haheruka ayo mu 1987. Kiliziya ivuga ko ayo masezerano yatanzwe mu 1995 bikaba bigeze mu 2017 atarashyirwaho umukono, Leta ntinagaragaze aho bipfira.
Aya masezerano ngo ahatse byinshi bishobora kunganira ireme ry’uburezi cyane cyane ibijyanye n’imikoranire ihereye ku gutekerereza uburezi no kugena politiki zabwo. Bitewe no kutagira ubufatanye buhamye, bituma kugeza ubu ibikoresho bije gufasha amashuri n’abanyeshuri biga mu bigo bya kiliziya bitumizwa hanze bisoreshwa.
Padiri Nduwayezu asobanura ko kuba Kiliziya itagifite imbaraga mu kubaka amashuri biterwa n’uko yashakaga ubushobozi mu baterankunga none ubu abenshi bavuga ko igikorwa cyo kurera ari icya leta gusa. Iki kibazo cy’ubushobozi kandi gituma Kiliziya itakibasha gufasha abakene kwiga mu mashuri yayo nkuko ibyifuza.
Kwirinda impinduka nyinshi muri politiki y’uburezi, ubufatanye, kwita ku ruhare rwa mwarimu mu burezi, urw’umubyeyi n’integanyanyigisho ziteguwe neza ni bimwe mu byo Kiliziya Gatolika isanga byazahura ireme ry’uburezi.
Groupe Scolaire Officiel de Butare, rimwe mu mashuri ya Kiliziya ryashinzwe mu 1930 ariko rikaba ryarareze benshi mu bakomeye bo mu gihugu
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